The Psalter-Hours of Isabelle of France

Differences in palette

Artists' Materials

Despite the overall homogeneity of the palette, a few differences are apparent between the pigments favoured by different artists. Notably, Hand A did not use vermilion, which other artists mixed in some of the ‘rusty’ red draperies and which Hand B also used to paint red highlights on the cheeks of his figures. Hand B used ultramarine for shading white areas, while Hand C shaded them with indigo. Hand D used a mixture of ultramarine, organic red and lead white, shaded with indigo, to obtain a purple-grey colour which sets him apart from his colleagues.

The enthroned Virgin balances the Christ Child on her lap and points to two vases in the upper part of the initial D. Below, Christ receives the kiss of betrayal from Judas, as St Peter reaches behind to cut Malchus’ ear. The initial was painted by Hand C.